一、基础通用类必背hardware硬件software软件system系统program程序process进程thread线程data数据information信息database数据库network网络security安全protocol协议interface接口function函数、功能module模块component组件server服务器client客户端user用户administrator管理员device设备file文件memory内存storage存储cache高速缓存register寄存器bus总线port端口code代码debug调试compile编译execute执行install安装update更新backup备份restore恢复二、软件工程 / 开发类software engineering软件工程requirement需求analysis分析design设计implementation实现testing测试maintenance维护lifecycle生命周期model模型agile敏捷iteration迭代UML (Unified Modeling Language)统一建模语言class类object对象inheritance继承encapsulation封装polymorphism多态abstraction抽象method方法attribute属性exception异常error错误bug缺陷quality质量metric度量standard标准document文档version版本configuration配置management管理project项目schedule进度risk风险cost成本三、数据库 数据结构DBMS (Database Management System)数据库管理系统SQL (Structured Query Language)结构化查询语言table表record / row记录 / 行field / column字段 / 列primary key主键foreign key外键index索引transaction事务commit提交rollback回滚query查询insert插入delete删除update更新constraint约束relation关系schema模式backup备份recovery恢复array数组linked list链表stack栈queue队列tree树graph图sort排序search查找四、网络 通信LAN (Local Area Network)局域网WAN (Wide Area Network)广域网MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)城域网IP (Internet Protocol)网际协议TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)传输控制协议UDP (User Datagram Protocol)用户数据报协议HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)超文本传输协议HTTPS安全超文本传输协议DNS (Domain Name System)域名系统FTP (File Transfer Protocol)文件传输协议SMTP简单邮件传输协议POP3邮局协议版本 3router路由器switch交换机gateway网关firewall防火墙packet数据包bandwidth带宽transmission传输connection连接encryption加密decryption解密authentication认证authorization授权virus病毒attack攻击五、操作系统 硬件OS (Operating System)操作系统kernel内核CPU (Central Processing Unit)中央处理器ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)算术逻辑单元control unit控制单元RAM (Random Access Memory)随机存取存储器ROM (Read Only Memory)只读存储器virtual memory虚拟内存paging分页segmentation分段deadlock死锁scheduling调度concurrency并发synchronization同步interrupt中断driver驱动程序file system文件系统directory目录六、软考真题常见缩写高频OOPObject-Oriented Programming 面向对象程序设计CASEComputer-Aided Software Engineering 计算机辅助软件工程GUIGraphical User Interface 图形用户界面APIApplication Programming Interface 应用程序编程接口IDEIntegrated Development Environment 集成开发环境XMLExtensible Markup Language 可扩展标记语言JSONJavaScript Object NotationHTMLHyperText Markup LanguageCRCCyclic Redundancy Check 循环冗余校验RAIDRedundant Array of Independent Disks 独立磁盘冗余阵列阿雪技术观在科技发展浪潮中我们不妨积极投身技术共享。不满足于做受益者更要主动担当贡献者。无论是分享代码、撰写技术博客还是参与开源项目维护改进每一个微小举动都可能蕴含推动技术进步的巨大能量。东方仙盟是汇聚力量的天地我们携手在此探索硅基生命为科技进步添砖加瓦。Hey folks, in this wild tech - driven world, why not dive headfirst into the whole tech - sharing scene? Dont just be the one reaping all the benefits; step up and be a contributor too. Whether youre tossing out your code snippets, hammering out some tech blogs, or getting your hands dirty with maintaining and sprucing up open - source projects, every little thing you do might just end up being a massive force that pushes tech forward. And guess what? The Eastern FairyAlliance is this awesome place where we all come together. Were gonna team up