AI 项目的 CI/CD 怎么做自动化测试和部署流水线搭建代码写完了怎么保证每次修改不会破坏已有功能怎么自动部署到服务器本篇回答三个问题怎么写 AI 项目的自动化测试CI/CD 流水线怎么配部署自动化怎么做怎么写 AI 项目的自动化测试后端测试pytest# backend/tests/test_api.pyimportpytestfromhttpximportASGITransport,AsyncClientfromapp.mainimportapppytest.fixturedefclient():transportASGITransport(appapp)returnAsyncClient(transporttransport,base_urlhttp://test)pytest.mark.asyncioasyncdeftest_health_check(client):健康检查接口测试。responseawaitclient.get(/api/health)assertresponse.status_code200assertresponse.json()[status]okpytest.mark.asyncioasyncdeftest_register(client):用户注册接口测试。importrandom emailftest{random.randint(10000,99999)}example.comresponseawaitclient.post(/api/auth/register,json{email:email,password:test123456,nickname:测试用户,})assertresponse.status_code201dataresponse.json()assertaccess_tokenindataassertdata[user][email]emailpytest.mark.asyncioasyncdeftest_login_invalid_password(client):错误密码登录测试。responseawaitclient.post(/api/auth/login,json{email:nonexistexample.com,password:wrong,})assertresponse.status_code401pytest.mark.asyncioasyncdeftest_create_knowledge_base(client):创建知识库测试需先登录。# 先注册importrandom emailfkb{random.randint(10000,99999)}example.comregawaitclient.post(/api/auth/register,json{email:email,password:test123456,nickname:test})tokenreg.json()[access_token]# 创建知识库responseawaitclient.post(/api/knowledge-bases,json{name:测试知识库,description:测试描述},headers{Authorization:fBearer{token}})assertresponse.status_code201assertresponse.json()[name]测试知识库测试数据库隔离测试不应该用生产数据库。用 pytest 的 fixture 隔离# backend/tests/conftest.pyimportpytestfromapp.databaseimportengine,Basefromsqlalchemy.ext.asyncioimportcreate_async_enginepytest.fixture(autouseTrue)asyncdefsetup_db():每个测试用例使用独立的数据库会话。# 使用 SQLite 内存数据库进行测试test_enginecreate_async_engine(sqliteaiosqlite:///:memory:)asyncwithtest_engine.begin()asconn:awaitconn.run_sync(Base.metadata.create_all)yieldawaittest_engine.dispose()CI/CD 流水线怎么配GitHub Actions 配置# .github/workflows/ci.ymlname:CIon:push:branches:[main,develop]pull_request:branches:[main]jobs:test:runs-on:ubuntu-latestservices:postgres:image:postgres:16-alpineenv:POSTGRES_DB:know_testPOSTGRES_USER:knowPOSTGRES_PASSWORD:know_testports:-5432:5432options:--health-cmd pg_isready--health-interval 10s--health-timeout 5s--health-retries 5redis:image:redis:7-alpineports:-6379:6379options:--health-cmd redis-cli ping--health-interval 10s--health-timeout 5s--health-retries 5steps:-uses:actions/checkoutv4-name:Set up Pythonuses:actions/setup-pythonv5with:python-version:3.11-name:Install dependenciesrun:|cd backend pip install -r requirements.txt pip install pytest httpx pytest-asyncio-name:Run testsenv:DATABASE_URL:postgresqlasyncpg://know:know_testlocalhost:5432/know_testREDIS_URL:redis://localhost:6379/0run:|cd backend pytest tests/ -v --covapp --cov-reportterm-missing代码质量检查# 在 ci.yml 中加一个 lint joblint:runs-on:ubuntu-lateststeps:-uses:actions/checkoutv4-uses:actions/setup-pythonv5with:python-version:3.11-run:pip install ruff mypy-run:ruff check backend/-run:mypy backend/--ignore-missing-importsDocker 镜像构建与推送build:needs:[test,lint]runs-on:ubuntu-latestif:github.ref refs/heads/mainsteps:-uses:actions/checkoutv4-name:Set up Docker Buildxuses:docker/setup-buildx-actionv3-name:Log in to Docker Hubuses:docker/login-actionv3with:username:${{secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME}}password:${{secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD}}-name:Build and push backenduses:docker/build-push-actionv5with:context:./backendpush:truetags:yourdockerhub/know-backend:latestcache-from:typeghacache-to:typegha,modemax-name:Build and push frontenduses:docker/build-push-actionv5with:context:./frontendpush:truetags:yourdockerhub/know-frontend:latestcache-from:typeghacache-to:typegha,modemax部署自动化怎么做自动部署到服务器deploy:needs:[build]runs-on:ubuntu-latestif:github.ref refs/heads/mainsteps:-name:Deploy via SSHuses:appleboy/ssh-actionv1.0.3with:host:${{secrets.DEPLOY_HOST}}username:${{secrets.DEPLOY_USER}}key:${{secrets.DEPLOY_KEY}}script:|cd /opt/know docker compose pull docker compose up -d --force-recreate docker image prune -f完整 CI/CD 流水线提交代码 → 自动测试 → 代码检查 → 构建镜像 → 推送到仓库 → 自动部署 git push pytest ruff docker docker push ssh deploy本地测试常用命令# 运行所有测试cdbackendpytest tests/-v# 运行单个测试文件pytest tests/test_api.py-v# 运行单个测试函数pytest tests/test_api.py::test_register-v# 带覆盖率报告pytest tests/--covapp --cov-reporthtml# 代码格式检查ruff check app/# 类型检查mypy app/总结环节工具作用单元测试pytest httpx保证接口正确性代码质量ruff mypy保证代码规范CIGitHub Actions自动运行测试和检查CDDocker SSH自动构建和部署本文是《AI 全栈开发实战——做一个真正的产品》系列的第 11 篇。如果觉得有用欢迎点赞 收藏 关注。这个系列从产品定义写到生产上线全部代码开源可运行带你从零交付一个真正的 AI 产品。